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在苏联卡拉卡斯盆地水域中的铁和锰具有不同的溶解度,铁是难以溶解的元素,在最初氧化时铁从二价氧化成四价,形成凝胶。在卡拉卡斯近海区铁继续凝聚,从补给区带出的铁部分沉积;另一部分则进入盆地的深水区。而锰是较易溶解的元素,比铁具有更高的电离栅,锰溶解在水中时经受了长期的氧化作用,它从二价过渡到四价。锰的氧化作用比铁小,容易从氧化中分出。里斯托夫对铁和锰的沉积作用进行了实验工作。
Iron and manganese in the waters of the Caracas Basin in the USSR have different solubilities. Iron is a difficult-to-dissolve element. From the initial oxidation, iron is oxidized from divalent to tetravalent to form a gel. In the Caracas offshore iron continue to gather, from the recharge zone to bring part of the deposition of iron; the other part of the basin into the deep water. Manganese, on the other hand, is a more soluble element and has a higher ionization grid than iron. Manganese, which has been subjected to long-term oxidation when dissolved in water, transitions from two to four. Oxidation of manganese is less than iron, easily separated from the oxidation. Listerov made experiments on the deposition of iron and manganese.