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《中华人民共和国国家赔偿法》对国家赔偿制度作了一般性的规定,对公安机关及广大公安干警来说,具有实际意义和最迫切需要的是,掌握和理解什么样的警务行为会产生国家赔偿问题,以便在工作中尽量减少或避免这些行为,提高执法水平。 一、公安机关承担国家赔偿责任的条件 警务活动涉及方方面面,警务行为多种多样。不是每一种警务行为都存在产生国家赔偿问题的可能性。国家赔偿法第二条规定:“国家机关和国家机关工作人员违法行使职权侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,受害人有依照本法取得国家赔偿的权利。”据此,我们认为,公安机关承担国家赔偿责任的构成要件是:警务行为违法;警务行为侵权;有损害后果发生;违法、侵权警务行为与损害后果有因果关系。
The Law of the People’s Republic of China on State Compensation makes general provisions on the system of state compensation. To the public security organs and the general public security officers and men, it is of practical significance and urgent need to master and understand what kind of policing will result State compensation issues, in order to minimize or avoid these behaviors in the work, improve the level of law enforcement. First, the public security organs assume the responsibility of national liability Policing activities cover all aspects of a wide range of police behavior. Not every police act has the possibility of generating state compensation. Article 2 of the State Compensation Law stipulates that: “Where a state organ or a member of a state organ illegally violates the lawful rights and interests of a citizen, a legal person or any other organization and causes damage, the victim has the right to state compensation in accordance with this Law.” Accordingly, we In the opinion of the public security organ, the constitutional elements of the State’s liability for compensation are as follows: the police act is illegal; the police act infringes; the damage occurs; and the illegal and infringing police act has a causal relationship with the damage consequence.