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[目的 ]探究上海石棉厂接触温石棉工人 40年来恶性肿瘤的发病情况。 [方法 ]为评估恶性肿瘤的危险程度 ,采用回顾性队列研究的方法 ,对 5 5 1位工作于该厂的工人从 195 8年至 1998年进行回顾研究。 [结果 ]以上海市区居民恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率进行比较。恶性肿瘤的发病危险程度显著上升 ,男性全肿瘤 (RR =4 19)和肺癌 (RR =7 6 7) ,女性全肿瘤 (RR =2 15 )和肺癌 (RR =2 6 )。男性肺癌的比例死亡比为 1 8(PMR =1 8)。 [结论 ]石棉工人肺癌和鼻咽癌的高发与接触石棉有关。
[Objective] To investigate the incidence of malignant tumors in workers exposed to asbestos in Shanghai asbestos plant for 40 years. [Methods] To assess the degree of risk of malignant tumors, a retrospective cohort study was conducted. A retrospective study of 551 workers working at the plant was conducted from 195 to 1998. [Results] The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Shanghai residents were compared. The risk of onset of malignant tumors was significantly higher in men (RR=4 19) and lung cancer (RR=76), in women (RR=2 15), and in lung cancer (RR=26). The ratio of male to female lung cancer deaths was 18 (PMR = 18). [Conclusion] High incidence of lung cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer in asbestos workers is related to asbestos exposure.