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通过2012年4次对珠江三角洲河网浮游动物的生态调查,研究该水域浮游轮虫的群落结构,包括种类组成、优势种、生物量及多样性等的时空分布,探讨了浮游轮虫群落结构与环境因子的相关关系,并阐析了浮游轮虫的聚群结构.结果表明:共检出53种浮游轮虫.优势种类的季节演替及空间变化明显,针簇多肢轮虫占有较大优势.从季节变化来看,枯水期密度及生物量均大于丰水期,丰水期的生物多样性指数和均匀度要高于枯水期,浮游轮虫生物量和多样性的季节间差异显著;从空间分布来看,平均密度及平均生物量均呈现自西南向东北升高的趋势,最大密度及生物量均出现在市桥,而生物多样性指数和均匀度指数的空间变化趋势则相反,最高值均出现在青岐,浮游轮虫密度在各调查站位间差异显著,生物量及多样性在各调查站位间的差异不显著.浮游轮虫的密度与生物量、生物多样性指数与均匀度指数呈显著正相关,多样性与生物量呈显著负相关,生物多样性指数和均匀度指数随着生物量的增加显著降低.在不同季节,浮游轮虫密度与水温、pH、溶解氧、叶绿素a含量及总磷、总氮等环境因子密切相关.根据浮游轮虫密度对调查站位进行聚群分析得出5种聚群结构,说明相应调查站位的水质状况有显著差异.
Based on four ecological surveys of zooplankton in the Pearl River Delta in 2012, the community structure, population and composition of dominant species, And the environmental factors, and elucidated the cluster structure of the planktonic rotifers.The results showed that 53 species of planktonic rotifers were detected.The seasonal succession and spatial variation of dominant species were obvious, In terms of seasons, the dry season densities and biomass were higher than those in the wet season, while the biodiversity index and evenness in the wet season were higher than those in the dry season, and the seasonal variation in biomass and diversity of the planktonic rotifer was significant. From the spatial distribution, the average density and average biomass showed a trend of rising from southwest to northeast, the maximum density and biomass appeared in Shiqiao, while the spatial variation tendency of biodiversity index and evenness index was opposite, The highest value appeared in Qingqi, the density of the buoyant rotifers was significantly different among the survey stations, and there was no significant difference in biomass and diversity among the survey stations.The density and biomass of the buzzard rotations, There was a significant positive correlation between the diversity index and the evenness index, but there was a significant negative correlation between the diversity index and the biomass.The biodiversity index and the evenness index decreased significantly with the increase of biomass.In different seasons, pH, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll a content and total phosphorus, total nitrogen and other environmental factors are closely related.According to the cluster analysis of survey stations, we can get five kinds of cluster structure, indicating that the water quality of the stations Significant differences.