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【目的】研究不同库容量类型水稻品种氮素吸收与分配的差异,为大库容量类型品种的氮素遗传改良提供参考依据。【方法】在群体水培条件下,以国内、外不同年代育成的常规籼稻代表品种(2001年为88个、2002年为122个)为材料,测定干物重(包括根系)、产量及其构成因素、氮素含量等,采用组内最小平方和的动态聚类方法将供试品种按库容量从低到高依次分为A、B、C、D、E、F6类,研究各类品种氮素吸收与分配的基本特点。【结果】供试品种间库容量的差异很大(426%、817%)。A、B、C、D、E、F类品种的平均库容量,2001年分别为426.37、642.53、770.96、903.73、1064.32、1213.90g·m-2,2002年分别为359.36、574.11、764.98、962.43、1200.11、1455.59g·m-2;大库容量品种抽穗期全株含氮率较高、结实期全株含氮率下降幅度较大;大库容量类型品种吸氮能力强,抽穗后更明显,吸氮能力显著受到生育期与吸氮强度的影响,但吸氮强度的作用要大于生育期的作用;大库容量类型品种氮素在根中比例小、成熟期氮素在茎鞘叶中比例小、穗中氮素比例大、结实期茎鞘叶氮素运转量大;增加吸氮量,促进茎鞘叶中的氮素运转有利于库容量的提高。【结论】大库容量类型品种吸氮能力特别是抽穗后的吸氮能力强,成熟期氮素在营养器官中比例小、穗中氮素比例大、结实期茎鞘叶氮素运转量大。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in nitrogen uptake and distribution among different rice cultivars with different library sizes and to provide a reference for genetic improvement of nitrogen in large-capacity varieties. 【Method】 The population of conventional indica rice varieties (88 in 2001 and 122 in 2002), which were bred at different times in China and abroad, were used as materials to measure the dry weight (including root system), yield and its composition Factors, nitrogen content, etc. The dynamic clustering method based on the least square sum of the groups was used to classify the tested cultivars into A, B, C, D, E and F categories from low to high according to the storage capacity. The basic characteristics of absorption and distribution. 【Result】 The results showed that there was a great difference in the storage capacity of the tested varieties (426%, 817%). The average storage capacity of A, B, C, D, E and F varieties was 426.37,642.53, 770.96, 903.73, 1064.32 and 1213.90g · m-1 respectively in 2001 and 359.36, 574.11 and 764.98, 962.43 , 1200.11, 1455.59g · m-2, respectively. The nitrogen content of the whole plant was higher at heading stage, and the nitrogen content of the whole plant decreased more during the grain filling stage. , Nitrogen uptake ability was significantly affected by the growth period and nitrogen absorption intensity, but the effect of nitrogen absorption intensity was greater than that during growth period. The nitrogen content in the large-capacity type was smaller in the root, The proportion of nitrogen in the ear was large, and the amount of nitrogen in the stem and sheath of the scion was strong during the grain-filling stage. Increasing the amount of nitrogen uptake and promoting the nitrogen operation in the stem and sheath were beneficial to the improvement of the storage capacity. 【Conclusion】 The nitrogen uptake capacity of large-capacity type cultivars, especially the nitrogen uptake ability after heading, maturity, the proportion of nitrogen in vegetative organs is small, the proportion of nitrogen in panicles is large,