“过度决定”是阿尔都塞对马克思的矛盾观和因果观的一种创造性解释,其目标在于将其与线性因果观和黑格尔哲学的表现因果观区分开来,同时又为科学所要求的因果性提供最低限度的保障。在阿尔都塞那里,“过度决定”与对马克思的“整体”观之深度解读联系在一起,表现为“复杂整体”的内在矛盾相互作用机制,“具体”便是许多决定作用“过度决定”的复杂结构整体。“归根结底意义上的决定作用”不是“过度决定”的事先的唯物主义保障,而正是后者实现的辩证形式。阿尔都塞“过度决定”思想对理解马克思的辩证法及其与黑格尔的关系具有重要意义,亦为我们理解复杂社会历史情境提供了卓越视角。不过,阿尔都塞的分析不仅存在着形式主义难题,而且也没有解决“归根结底意义上的决定作用”和“最终决定”的关系难题,并最终滑入了偶然性崇拜立场。 “Overdetermination ” is a creative explanation of Althusser ’s contradiction and causal view of Marx. The goal is to distinguish it from the linear causal view and that of Hegel’s philosophy, and at the same time, The required causalities provide a minimum of protection. In Althusser there is a connection between the “over-determination” and the in-depth interpretation of Marx’s “whole” view, manifested as the internal contradictory interaction mechanism of “complex wholeness” and “concrete” Is the complex structure of many decision-making “over-decision ”. The decisive role of “in the final analysis” is not the prior materialistic guarantee of over-decision, but it is the dialectic of the latter’s realization. Althusser’s “over-decision” thinking is of great significance to understanding Marx’s dialectics and its relationship with Hegel and also provides us with an excellent perspective on our understanding of the complex social historical context. However, Althusser’s analysis not only poses the problem of formalism, but also does not solve the problem of the relationship between “the ultimate decision-making effect” and “final decision”, and finally slips into the occasional worship position.