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为了让纤维素能在水和一般有机溶剂中溶解,并具有好的热可塑性,常对其进行化学改性,改变纤维素的结构特性,使其有利于加工成型。本文介绍了纤维素化学改性的基本原理,探讨了纤维素的溶解、活化与碱性润胀。通过纤维素羟基的氧化、酯化、醚化、接枝共聚和氮偶联反应对纤维素化学改性进行了综述,最后展望了纤维素化学改性的应用前景。
In order for cellulose to dissolve in water and common organic solvents and has good thermoplasticity, it is often chemically modified to change the structural characteristics of the cellulose so that it is advantageous for processing and shaping. This paper introduces the basic principle of chemical modification of cellulose and discusses the dissolution, activation and alkaline swelling of cellulose. The chemical modification of cellulose was reviewed by the oxidation, esterification, etherification, graft copolymerization and nitrogen coupling reaction of cellulose hydroxyl. Finally, the application foreground of cellulose chemical modification was forecasted.