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对于较小数目的快速准确认知的“感数”现象一直是一个引人兴趣的问题 ,这一感数过程到底本质是什么 ,它与计数过程究竟是同一种加工还是分属两种不同类别 ,对于这个问题多年来一直存在着争论。本实验的目的在于研究感数加工的本质 ,运用ERP手段来探索其与计数的不同机制 ;并且以分心物变量为指标 ,研究在有分心物呈现时 ,感数与计数过程将会有哪些变化以及其潜在的神经机制。对 1 4名正常青年人记录感数与计数加工过程中的事件相关脑电位 (ERP)。刺激图片由位于屏幕中心的靶 (白色矩形 )或者靶 +分心物 (白色圆形 )组成 ,靶的数目分为感数 (1～ 3个靶 )及计数 (4～ 6 ) ;而分心物的数目有三种水平 :零 (无分心物 ) ,与靶的数目相同及两倍于靶的数目。被试计算图片上白色矩形的个数并对所得数目进行奇偶判断 ,最后根据奇偶性用左右手进行按键反应。行为结果表明 ,感数与计数的反应时在靶数目之间有显著性差异 ,靶数目相同时 ,分心物越多 ,则被试所需要的反应时就越长。ERP测量表明P1波幅随着靶数目的增加而增大 ,随着分心物数目的增加而增加 ;N1波潜伏期随着靶数目的增加和分心物数目增加而减小 ,N1波幅随着靶数目和分心物的增加而增加 ;P3波幅随着靶数目的增加而减小 ,在某些记录点具有靶效应和干扰效?
It has always been an interesting question for a relatively small number of fast and accurate “sensations” of cognition. What is the essence of this sensation, whether it is the same type of counting or two different categories , There has been controversy over this issue for many years. The purpose of this experiment is to study the essence of sensory processing and use ERP to explore its different mechanism with counting. And taking the variable of the distraction as an indicator, we can find that in the presence of distractor, the sensation and counting process will have What changes and their underlying neural mechanisms. Fourteen normal young people recorded sensory and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) during the counting process. The stimulus picture consists of a target (white rectangle) or a target + distraction (white circle) located in the center of the screen. The number of targets is divided into a sense number (1 to 3) and a count number (4 to 6) The number of objects has three levels: zero (no distractions), same as the number of targets, and twice the number of targets. The subjects calculated the number of white rectangles in the picture and judged the number of parity. Finally, the key reaction was performed by using the left hand and the right hand according to the parity. The behavioral results showed that there was a significant difference in the number of targets when the reaction between the number of sensations and the count was performed. When the number of the targets was the same, the more the degree of distraction was, the longer the reaction time required for the subjects. ERP measurements showed that the P1 amplitude increased with the increase of the number of targets and increased with the increase of the number of distractions; N1 latency decreased with increasing number of targets and increasing number of distractions; Number and distraction increase; P3 amplitude decreases with increasing number of targets, with target effects and interference effects at some recorded points;