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马克思劳动价值论最根本之处在于对价值及其形式的理解。正是特定的社会劳动关系使抽象劳动成为价值的来源,在商品交换中使价值采取了交换价值的形式。从存在论上说,这种劳动社会关系把工人的具体劳动、感性生命转换成了没有任何人格特征的抽象劳动,并把它们投射到劳动产品或物上。一方面,商品或物获得人格性的存在,成为主体;另一方面,具体劳动、感性生命变成抽象劳动,成为客体。而这便是价值形成的过程,也是价值的本质。
The most fundamental aspect of Marx’s labor theory of value lies in the understanding of value and its form. It is the specific social labor relations that make abstract labor a source of value, and in the exchange of goods the value is taken in the form of exchange value. From the existential point of view, this labor-social relationship transforms concrete labor and emotional life of workers into abstract labor without any personality traits and projects them onto labor products or objects. On the one hand, the existence of goods or things acquired personality, become the main body; the other hand, specific labor, emotional life into abstract labor, become the object. And this is the process of value formation, but also the essence of value.