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在中国实行君主制是杨度立宪思想的题中应有之义。在论证君主制之于近代中国的契合性时,杨度先后提出了两条不同的逻辑进路,二者区别可见于其代表性专论《金铁主义说》和《君宪救国论》。前者主张保留君主,将满清皇室作为维系政治统一的象征以避免五族分立;而后者要求恢复帝制,借洪宪帝制确立不可挑战的权威以消弭军事纷争。由于清末和民初两个时期中国内外时局的变化以及杨度自身政治立场的改变,杨度在《君宪救国论》中采用了明显不同于《金铁主义说》的逻辑进路。
The implementation of the monarchy in China is the proper meaning of Yang’s constitutionalism. In demonstrating the conformity of the monarchy to modern China, Yang Duo proposed two different logical approaches one by one. The differences between the two can be seen in the representative monographs on the theory of “gold ironism” and “constitution on the save and nation salvation.” The former advocates the retention of monarchs and the Manchu royal family as a symbol of maintaining political unity so as to avoid the separation of the five nationalities. The latter demands the restoration of the monarchy and the establishment of an indisputable authority by the constitutional system of Hongxian to eliminate military disputes. Due to the change of the current situation both inside and outside the country during the late Qing dynasty and the early Republican period and the change of Yang’s own political stance, Yang Du adopted a logical approach distinctly different from that of “the theory of gold’s ironism.”