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一般的谱分析方法存在泄漏效应,对于一些严重淹没在噪声中的信号,采用一般的谱分析方法很难提取出有用的信号。针对采集(被工频信号或其他干扰严重污染的)车辆钢轨耦合振动的信号,建立信号的AR模型参数方程,利用Yule-Walker法求解AR系数,得到功率谱分析图,与一般的傅里叶变换及功率谱分析进行对比,并通过不受工频干扰的光纤测得的振动信号的特征进行比较。研究结果表明,Yule-Walker AR法能够有效地提取出频率信号,提高信噪比,从而进一步分析信号的特征规律。
The general spectral analysis method has a leakage effect. For some signals that are seriously submerged in noise, it is difficult to extract a useful signal by using a general spectral analysis method. Aiming at the signals of the coupled vibration of vehicle’s railroad which is seriously polluted by power frequency signal or other interferences, the parameter equation of AR model is established, and the AR coefficient is solved by Yule-Walker method to get the power spectrum analysis chart, Transform and power spectrum analysis and compare the characteristics of the vibration signal measured by the fiber without interference from the power frequency. The results show that the Yule-Walker AR method can effectively extract the frequency signal, improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and further analyze the characteristics of the signal.