“基洛夫”与“高尔基”级20世纪20年代末期,不具备建造战列舰和重型巡洋舰经济、技术能力的苏联海军将建设方针确定为应对“小规模海上战争”。根据这一理论,海军的核心战斗力为潜艇、飞机,以及“勇于击沉弱敌、迅速逃离强敌”的轻型巡洋舰。1931年1月10日,海军总司令穆科列维奇在苏联最高军事会议上强调,“波罗的海和黑海以及远东地区的邻国都在建造包括战列巡洋舰及战列舰在内的各种舰艇,而苏联到现在连巡洋舰的建造计划都没有,这是极其错误的”。 “Kirov” and “Gorky” “In the late 1920s, the Soviet navy, which did not have the economic and technological capabilities to build battleships and heavy cruisers, set construction guidelines as a response to the” small-scale maritime war. “ According to this theory, the Navy’s core combat capabilities are submarines, airplanes, and light cruisers that ”dare to infiltrate weak enemies and quickly flee the enemy.“ On January 10, 1931, Commander-in-Chief Mukeljevich of the Navy stressed at the Supreme Soviet military conference that ”the Baltic and Black Sea countries as well as neighboring countries in the Far East are building various types of ships including battle cruisers and battleships, It is absolutely wrong to have no plans for the construction of the cruiser in the Soviet Union until now. "