New generation of structure steel has been developed to meet the uninterruptedly increasing needs of the economic construction and development of society, and such material is characterized by ultra-fine grain. In this paper, 400MPa class plain carbon structure steel has been studied, making its yield strength doubled and service life doubled on the basis of good comprehensive properties in large quantity utilization. The deformation behavior and the stain induced transformation of SS400 steel at different temperature were investigated in the laboratory, and the industrial rolling test was carried out in 2 050mm HSM of Baosteel. Not only the laboratory studies but also the industrial test show that the technical route of the experimentis correct and the industrial test results on the basis of low carbon plain steel indicate that the grain size of ferrite was near to 4 ～ 5 μm, elongation was more than 30% , impact property was good, the yield strength can reach 400 MPa.