疲劳战是否有效?考试是不是浪费时间?心理学家试图用实验一个个给出答案。培养“成长型思维模式”在一些人眼里,智力和成就都是与生俱来、难以改变的资质。另一些人则认为智力是一种人为因素。在学习中遇到困难时,后一种人更愿意通过自身的努力或者寻求更多办法来积极地解决问题。斯坦福大学的卡洛·德威客(CarolDweck)教授发现了这一现象。她在研究中指出,大学讲师和中学教师应当从培养学生的“成长型思维模式”出发来表扬孩子,尽量避免对其学习能力作评价,也就是说要表扬他们的在成功过程中所付出的努力和做得好的地方,而不 Fatigue warfare is valid? Examination is not a waste of time? Psychologists try to give an answer experiment one by one. Cultivation “growth mode of thinking ” In the eyes of some people, intelligence and achievement are born with hard to change qualifications. Others think that intelligence is a human factor. When encountering difficulties in learning, the latter person is more willing to actively solve the problem through their own efforts or seeking more ways. Professor Carol Dweck at Stanford University found this phenomenon. In her research, she pointed out that college lecturers and middle school teachers should praise their children by developing students’ “growth mode of thinking” and try their best to avoid appraising their ability to learn, that is, to praise their success in the process Efforts and well done places, not