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Gazella羚羊是“三趾马动物群”中常见成员,在晚中新世至更新世地层中广泛分布,演化速率相对较快,具有重要的生物地层学及生态指示意义,但在我国尚未有保德期之前的化石报道。本文研究的化石发现于陕西蓝田灞河组中部,磁性地层学资料显示其年代为晚中新世灞河期。化石标本包括了5个近乎完整的头骨、下颌以及颅后骨骼。根据发现的标本装架起第一个完整的Gazella羚羊骨架。形态对比与测量数据表明,蓝田标本与巴基斯坦西瓦里克发现的Gazella lydekkeri非常相近,而不同于欧洲晚中新世常见的Gazella各种以及我国发现的种类。从肢骨的形态分析与测量比例数据来看,Gazella cf.G.lydekkeri适合快速奔跑运动,可能生活在相对开阔的环境中,与灞河期动物群的生态类型以及与灞河组沉积学、同位素地球化学等研究所指示的相对干旱、半干旱的开阔草原环境相一致。
Gazella antelopes are common members of the “Trippodon fauna” and widely distributed in the Late Miocene to the Pleistocene strata, and their evolution rates are relatively fast. They have important biostratigraphic and ecological significance, but not yet in our country Fossil coverage before Prudential. The fossils studied in this paper were found in the central part of Qunhe Formation in Lantian, Shaanxi Province. Magnetic stratum data indicate that the fossils were dated to late Miocene Qiong He. Fossil specimens include five nearly complete skulls, jaws and posterior cranial bones. The first complete Gazella Antelope skeleton was mounted according to the specimens found. Morphological comparison and measurement data show that the Lantian specimen is very similar to Gazella lydekkeri found in West Warriq, Pakistan, but different from all the Gazella species found in Europe in the late Miocene and the species found in our country. From the morphological analysis and measurement of limb bone ratio data, Gazella cf.G.lydekkeri suitable for fast-running exercise, may live in a relatively open environment, and the Taohe River fauna ecological type and the Taohe River sedimentology, Isotope geochemistry and other studies indicate that the relative arid, semi-arid open grassland environment consistent.