文理分科导致学生知识结构不完整,是新一轮的教育综合改革把取消文理分科作为其中一项重点政策予以推行的基本原因。但文理分科,其实质还只是破除普通高内部的分科问题。我国的基础教育事实上还存在着一个更大的分科制度,那就是高中阶段的普职分科。普职分科的制度安排对我国教育做出了巨大贡献,但在当前时代背景下,继续实行刚性的普职分科表现出越来越明显的不可持续性。取消文理分科之后,我国基础教育下一步改革可以考虑逐渐弱化刚性的高中普职分科,尝试构建统一的高中课程体系。这个改革难度很高,但一旦成功,回报也很高,它有助于我们打开职业教育、普通基础教育以及高等教育这三大板块教育改革的新局面。 Arts and science led to incomplete student knowledge structure is a new round of comprehensive education reform to cancel the liberal arts as one of the key disciplines to promote the basic reason. However, the liberal arts division, its essence is only to get rid of ordinary high internal division issues. In fact, there is a bigger system of basic education in our country’s basic education, which is the general-education branch in high school. The system arrangement of general-service sub-departments has made great contributions to education in our country. However, in the current era, the continued implementation of rigid universal-service sub-divisions shows more and more obvious unsustainability. After the abolition of liberal arts and science, the reform of basic education in our country can be considered to gradually weaken the rigidity of high school general-service branch, try to build a unified high school curriculum system. This reform is very difficult, but if it succeeds, the returns will be very high. It will help us to open up a new situation in the three major education reforms: vocational education, general basic education and higher education.