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目的探讨中国临床微生物室分析前质量控制的现状,分析医院感染病原学诊断水平,进而展望微生物室对医院感染管理的促进作用。方法 2016年4月参与全国统一部署调研,对187所医院临床微生物室与临床的沟通、标本采集及运送方式等培训、标本质量控制等方面进行调查,统计临床微生物室在参与医院感染管理工作中取得的成就及不足,展望其在医院感染控制中的发展与意义。结果参加调查的187所医疗机构中,有96所医院临床微生物室参与不同形式的临床医院感染病例会诊工作;132所微生物室开展标本采集、运送方式等培训;163所微生物室在痰培养前开展了常规痰涂片镜检,描述WBC是否吞噬或伴行革兰阳性菌、革兰阴性菌或真菌等情况的医疗机构有102所;血培养推行双侧双份的实验室有112所。结论临床微生物室应加强与临床沟通及分析前质量控制水平,促进对感染性疾病的诊断与治疗,推动医院感染学科的发展。
Objective To explore the status quo of quality control before clinical microbiological analysis in China and to analyze the etiological diagnosis of nosocomial infection and to further the promotion of microbiological laboratory on nosocomial infection management. Methods In April 2016, we participated in the research on the unified national deployment and investigated the clinical microbiological room and clinical communication, specimen collection and delivery methods, and the quality control of specimens in 187 hospitals. Statistics showed that clinical microbiology rooms were involved in the management of nosocomial infections Achievements and deficiencies achieved, look forward to its development in hospital infection control and its significance. Results Of the 187 medical institutions surveyed, 96 clinical microbiological laboratories participated in the clinical consultation of different forms of clinical nosocomial infections; 132 microbiological laboratories conducted training on specimen collection and delivery methods; and 163 microbiological laboratories conducted before sputum culture Conventional sputum smear microscopy, described WBC phagocytosis or accompanying Gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria or fungi and other medical institutions have 102; double-sided blood culture in the implementation of the laboratory there are 112. Conclusion The clinical microbiology room should be strengthened with clinical communication and pre-analysis quality control to promote the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases and promote the development of nosocomial infections.