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免疫毒性是生物技术药物临床前安全性评价中最常见的毒副作用。免疫系统是由多个器官、多种细胞和多种分子组成的一个复杂的系统,其结构和功能与遗传背景、年龄、性别和环境等因素有关,其正常的生理变异范围较大,这对于评估药物所致的免疫毒性是一个巨大的挑战。非人灵长类动物是药物临床前安全性评价中较常用的实验动物。了解和熟悉非人灵长类动物免疫系统的特点,有助于正确、客观地评价药物所致的免疫毒性。本文从非人灵长类动物主要的免疫器官(胸腺、脾和淋巴结)及免疫细胞(T和B淋巴细胞)的发育、形态特征和功能特征等方面进行了详细的论述。
Immunotoxicity is the most common side effect in the preclinical safety evaluation of biotech drugs. The immune system is a complex system composed of multiple organs, multiple cells and multiple molecules. The structure and function of the immune system are related to the genetic background, age, sex and environment, and its normal range of physiological variation is large Assessing drug-induced immunotoxicity is a huge challenge. Non-human primates are the more commonly used experimental animals in preclinical safety evaluation of drugs. Understanding and being familiar with the characteristics of the non-human primate immune system helps to evaluate the drug-induced immunotoxicity correctly and objectively. This article discusses in detail the development, morphological and functional characteristics of the major immune organs (thymus, spleen and lymph nodes) and immune cells (T and B lymphocytes) in nonhuman primates.