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目的了解卫生系统应对热浪的脆弱性,评估“适应气候变化保护人类健康”项目采取的适应措施的效果。方法分别在2012年和2014年项目实施前后,用脆弱性减缓评估(VRA)方法了解南京市卫生系统对当前气候的脆弱性评估、未来气候风险评估、卫生系统适应气候变化的障碍、卫生系统持续应对能力4个指标的看法,比较VRA分值的变化。结果 4项指标分别提高0.9、1.2、0.9、0.9分,增加率分别为39.1%,66.7%,42.8%和27.3%;总得分增加1.0分,增加率为41.7%。通过GEF项目的实施,参与者认为目前及未来热浪对健康影响的脆弱性从严重降低到一般,卫生系统在适应气候变化方面的障碍从严重降低到一般,对卫生系统持续有效应对气候变化带来的健康风险的信心从一般增长到比较有信心。结论建立早期热浪预警体系、开展健康干预、技能培训等措施可以一定程度上提高卫生部门对热浪的应对及适应能力,政策和经费投入仍是目前和未来的阻碍因素。
Objectives To understand the health system’s response to heatwaves and to assess the effectiveness of adaptation measures undertaken in the project “Adapting to climate change for human health protection”. Methods Before and after the implementation of the project in 2012 and 2014, the vulnerability assessment (VRA) method was used to understand the vulnerability assessment of Nanjing’s health system to the current climate, the future climate risk assessment, the barriers to health system adaptation to climate change and the sustainability of the health system Coping with the four indicators of ability to compare VRA score changes. The results of the four indicators were increased 0.9,1.2,0.9,0.9 points, the rate of increase was 39.1%, 66.7%, 42.8% and 27.3% respectively; the total score increased 1.0 points, an increase of 41.7%. Through the implementation of the GEF project, participants considered the current and future heat wave vulnerability of health seriously reduced to the general, the health system in the adaptation to climate change from serious obstacles to the general, the health system to continue to effectively respond to climate change brought Confidence in health risks from general growth to more confidence. Conclusion Establishing the early warning system of heat waves and carrying out measures such as health intervention and skill training can improve the response and adaptation ability of the health sector to heat waves to a certain extent. The policy and funding are still the impediments to the present and future.