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本文概述了我国开展的船舶压舱水携带外来生物调查研究进展,对调查研究结果按照微生物和浮游生物分别进行了统计分析。统计结果表明,外来船舶压舱水卫生状况不容乐观,存在致病微生物污染,压舱水及其沉积物中存活有大量的浮游生物,船舶压舱水在我国海域排放存在外来生物入侵的风险。同时还阐述了压舱水携带生物种类和数量的相关影响因素,结果表明,不同来源的船舶压舱水携带外来生物状况存在较大差异。最后,对外来船舶压舱水携带生物调查研究中存在的问题和趋势进行了展望。
This paper summarizes the research progress of exotic organisms in marine ballast water carried by our country, and analyzes the results of the investigation according to microorganisms and plankton respectively. The statistical results show that the ballast water condition in foreign ships is not optimistic, polluted by pathogenic microorganisms, and there are a large number of plankton in the ballast water and its sediments. There is a risk of exogenous biological invasion of marine ballast water in China. At the same time, the related influencing factors of species and quantity of ballast water carrying organisms are also described. The results show that there are great differences in the exotic living conditions of ballast water from different sources. Finally, the existing problems and trends in the biological investigation of the ballast water carrying in foreign ships are prospected.