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以耕地为对照,对花江峡谷示范区5种典型退耕还林还草地土壤结构特性及抗蚀性进行研究和评价。结果表明,与耕地相比,5种退耕模式均增加了土壤有机质含量、土壤团聚状况和团聚度,而降低了土壤分散率。除退耕车桑子地降低了>0.25mm团粒含量和增加结构破坏率外,其他几种退耕模式均降低了土壤结构破坏率。以模糊隶属度模型对研究区土壤抗蚀性进行评价,不同退耕模式土壤抗蚀性指数表现为退耕香椿林(0.547)>退耕撂荒地(0.481)>退耕油桐林(0.468)>退耕车桑子地(0.460)>退耕花椒地(0.307)>耕地(0.285)。综合分析表明,退耕后区域土壤抗蚀性有了明显提高,土壤生态功能得到改善,促进植被自然恢复和减少人为干扰是比较适宜的植被恢复方式和控制土壤侵蚀的有效措施。
Taking arable land as a control, the soil structure and corrosion resistance of five typical types of converted farmland to forest and grassland in Huajiang Gorge demonstration area were studied and evaluated. The results showed that compared with cultivated land, all of the five models of returning farmland increased soil organic matter content, soil reunion and reunion, and decreased soil dispersibility. In addition to the reduction of mulberry seedlings reduced> 0.25mm pellet content and increase the rate of structural damage, several other models have reduced the rate of soil structure destruction. The soil anti-erosion index was evaluated by fuzzy membership model. The soil anti-erosion index of different models of returning farmland to forest was 0.547, 0.481, 0.419, (0.460)> Zengchu pepperfield (0.307)> cultivated land (0.285). The comprehensive analysis shows that soil anti-erodibility has been significantly improved and soil ecological function has been improved after the conversion of cultivated lands. It is a more appropriate vegetation restoration method and effective measure to control soil erosion to promote natural restoration of vegetation and reduce human disturbance.