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输送高凝点原油的海底管道在预热投产或停输再启动过程中,预热时机作为管道温度场预热充分的“显性”标志,具有重要意义。针对海底掩埋保温管道,建立了正向预热-投油计算模型,以某海底管道为对象,研究其在预热-投油过程中沿线温度的瞬变过程,并对预热时机的选取及影响因素进行探讨。结果表明:在管道投油-稳定瞬变过程中,最低油温出现在管道终点,故只要管道出口温度满足安全流动的需要,即可确保整条管道的油温处于流动安全允许范围内;预热时机取“终点水温=凝点”时,可以满足原油安全流动的温度要求,并且适用于不同热水流量和投油流量工况,推荐工程采用。(图6,参11)
Submarine pipeline conveying high pour point crude oil in the preheating commissioning or shutdown and restart process, the preheating timing as the pipeline temperature field preheating full “dominant ” sign, of great significance. Aiming at the buried pipelines buried in seafloor, a forward preheating-oiling calculation model is established. Taking a submarine pipeline as an object, the transient process along the pipeline during preheating-oiling process is studied. Influence factors are discussed. The results show that the minimum oil temperature appears at the end of the pipeline during the oil-stable pipeline transient. Therefore, the temperature of the pipeline can be ensured within the allowable range of flow safety as long as the outlet temperature of the pipeline meets the requirements of safe flow. Heat time to take “end of the water temperature = freezing point ”, to meet the temperature requirements of the safe flow of crude oil, and for different hot water flow and oil flow conditions, the recommended project. (Figure 6, reference 11)