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尿毒症患者常合并植物神经系统功能的障碍，交感神经的过度兴奋所引发的一系列心血管方面的疾病，会让尿毒症患者的生活水平受到非常大的影响，并可增加尿毒症患者的死亡率。目前对于尿毒症植物神经病变的发生机制还不甚明确，且植物神经病变的临床体征表现为多种多样，缺乏特异性。对于这么多年以来，尿毒症植物神经病变是如何发病的，以及发病的原理所做出的研究成果，本文进行了一个总体性概括，同时探讨了各种尿毒症植物神经病变如何进行科学探测，以及各种医治手段的好坏评比。“,”Uraemia leads to the damage of autonomic nervous system and the emergence of autonomic dysfunction. Consequences of sympathetic overactivity,such as hypotension and Cardiovascular complication may be dangerous for life ,it contribute to morbidity and mortality in that patient population .The pathogenesis of the autonomic dysfunction has not been convincingly established, the symptoms of autonomic dysfunction are often vague and aspecific.The article reviews available information on factors involved in its development, At the same time, we disscuss the methods most commonly used for its diagnosis and the effect of different therapy to treat the autonomic dysfunction.