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目的:探讨中鼻道粘液纤毛系统清除功能的特性。方法:取健康成人慢性化脓性鼻窦炎、慢性肥厚性鼻炎及慢性单纯性鼻炎患者男女各20例,应用糖精颗粒法测试其中鼻道粘液纤毛系统输送速率(mucociliarytransport rate,MTR)。另取相同人数及条件测试者进行总鼻道MTR的测试。取鼻息肉、慢性化脓性鼻窦炎患者和健康成年人中鼻道粘膜行电镜扫描。结果:健康人中鼻道MTR为(4.47±0.90)mm/min,总鼻道MTR为(7.00±2.21)mm/min,二者差异显著(P<0.01),男女无差异。慢性化脓性鼻窦炎、慢性肥厚性鼻炎、慢性单纯性鼻炎患者中鼻道MTR都明显低于健康人(P<0.01);且明显低于其总鼻道MTR(P<0.01)。扫描电镜观察表明:健康人中鼻道纤毛分布与形态明显好于患者。结论:中鼻道粘液纤毛输送系统功能低于总鼻道粘液纤毛系统,中鼻道粘液纤毛系统对鼻腔的保护功能较总鼻道低下。
Objective: To investigate the characteristics of the removal function of the middle nasal mucociliary system. Methods: Twenty patients (20 males and 20 females) with chronic suppurative sinusitis, chronic hypertrophic rhinitis and chronic rhinitis were selected from healthy adults. Mucociliary transport rate (MTR) was measured by saccharin granule method. In addition to the same number and conditions of the total nasal tract MTR test. Nasal polyps, chronic suppurative sinusitis and healthy adults in the nasal mucosa under electron microscopy. Results: The mean MTR of nasal passages was (4.47 ± 0.90) mm / min in healthy subjects and (7.00 ± 2.21) mm / min in total nasal passages. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). The MTR of middle age patients with chronic suppurative sinusitis, chronic hypertrophic rhinitis and chronic simple rhinitis was significantly lower than that of healthy people (P <0.01), and lower than that of the total nasal passages (P <0.01). Scanning electron microscopy showed that the distribution and morphology of nasal cilia in healthy people were significantly better than those in patients. CONCLUSION: The function of the mucociliary delivery system in the middle nasal passages is lower than that in the total nasal mucociliary system. The mucociliary system of the middle nasal passages has a lower nasal protective function than the general nasal passages.