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通过室内培养研究生物炭和秸秆施用之初对N_2O排放的影响。试验设生物炭(BC,用量为烘干土的1%)、秸秆(S,与生物炭等氮量)和空白(CK)3个处理。培养在75%田间持水量,30℃恒温箱中进行。结果表明,添加秸秆和生物炭均可改善土壤性状,显著提高土壤pH值、有机碳含量和阳离子交换量(CEC),其中秸秆对土壤pH值和速效钾的改善作用更突出。秸秆可以显著减少硝态氮和铵态氮的含量,促进氮的生物固持,由此显著减少N_2O的排放。生物炭能显著促进硝化作用的进程,提高硝化程度,使得土壤N_2O集中于短时间内排放,但与CK相比,没有显著差异,造成这一原因可能源于生物炭的用量少,影响了其对N_2O的吸附。生物炭施用利于土壤硝态氮的累积,热带的气候和土壤条件下,显著增加了硝态氮淋失的风险。
The effects of biochar and straw at the beginning of application on N 2 O emission were studied in laboratory. The experiment set biochar (BC, the amount of 1% of dry soil), straw (S, biochar and other nitrogen) and blank (CK) 3 treatment. Cultivation in 75% field capacity, 30 ℃ incubator. The results showed that adding straw and biochar could improve soil properties and significantly increase soil pH value, organic carbon content and cation exchange capacity (CEC), of which the effect of straw on soil pH and available potassium was more prominent. Straw can significantly reduce the content of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, and promote the biological retention of nitrogen, thereby significantly reducing N 2 O emissions. Biochar can significantly promote the process of nitrification, increase the degree of nitrification, and make soil N 2 O concentrate in a short time, but there is no significant difference compared with CK, which may be due to the small amount of biochar, affecting Its adsorption of N 2 O. Biochar benefited the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in soil, which significantly increased the risk of nitrate leaching under tropical climate and soil conditions.