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三年来,我们用陆地棉、海岛棉为一方与中棉、草棉为另一方进行正反交,研究克服杂交不亲和性和F_1不育性的有效方法。重点组合的试验结果表明:(1)喷GA 50ppm、NAA40—320ppm各5次能使杂交结铃率达90％以上。铃大小和亲本自交铃相同,平均每铃有分化正常的杂种胚2.3—3.6个。(2)杂种胚进行离体培养,试管成活率达80％以上,移栽成活率40％以上。得到了陆地棉和中棉、海岛棉和中棉等5个杂交组合开花的杂种植株66株。(3)把10ppm的秋水仙碱加入培养基,在培养杂种胚的同时进行处理,使F_1的育性恢复株率达100％,冬季三个多月在温室盆栽,平均每株收铃4个,平均每铃有大籽4.8个。种子发芽势强,发芽率达95％以上。采用上述方法可以作到当年杂交、当年得到可育的F_1植株,并在F_1植株上收到大量F_2种子或回交一代种子。第二年即可在田间对F_2植株进行研究和选择。
In the past three years, we use both upland cotton and sea-island cotton as one and the cotton and cotton-weeds as the other to carry out reciprocal reciprocal crosses to study effective methods to overcome incompatibility of hybrids and F 1 infertility. Key combinations of the test results show that: (1) spray GA 50ppm, NAA40-320ppm 5 times each can make hybridization boll rate of more than 90%. The bell size is the same as that of the parents, with an average of 2.3-3.6 hybrid embryos with normal differentiation. (2) hybrid embryos were cultured in vitro, the survival rate of the test tube was more than 80%, the survival rate of transplanting more than 40%. Sixty-six hybrid plants were obtained from upland cotton and five hybrid combinations of cotton, sea island cotton and cotton. (3) 10ppm of colchicine added to the medium, in the hybrid embryos cultured at the same time, so F 1 fertility restorer rate of 100% in winter more than three months potted plants in the greenhouse, the average number of bell per plant 4 , With an average of 4.8 seeds per bell. Seed germination strong, germination rate of 95% or more. The above-mentioned method can be used for crossing the same year, when fertile F_1 plants are obtained, and a large amount of F_2 seeds or backcrossed seeds are received on F_1 plants. The second year can be F_2 plants in the field of research and selection.