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目的:分析黄岩区近5年来出生缺陷发生情况,探讨出生缺陷相关因素及干预措施,降低出生缺陷发生率。方法:对2004-2008年黄岩区3家区级医院出生缺陷监测资料进行分析。结果:5年间共监测围产儿26 777例,发现出生缺陷儿758例,发生率为283.08/万,并呈逐年增长趋势(P<0.05);前5位出生缺陷类型依次为先天性心脏病、总唇裂腭裂、多指(趾)、先天性脑积水、神经管畸形;孕妇年龄大于35岁,出生缺陷发生率明显增高(P<0.05);城镇与乡村、男孩与女孩出生缺陷检出率比较差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论:开展广泛健康教育,做好三级预防工作,从产前—围产保健预防模式向孕前—围产保健预防模式转变,确定重点保健人群,是降低出生缺陷发生率必要措施。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence of birth defects in Huangyan District in the recent 5 years, discuss the related factors of birth defects and intervention measures, and reduce the incidence of birth defects. Methods: The surveillance data of birth defects in 3 district hospitals in Huangyan District from 2004 to 2008 were analyzed. Results: A total of 26 777 perinatal infants were monitored during the five years. A total of 758 children with birth defects were found, with a prevalence of 283.08 per 10,000 and a trend of increasing year by year (P <0.05). The top five birth defects were congenital heart disease, Total cleft lip and palate, multiple fingers, congenital hydrocephalus and neural tube defects. The pregnant women older than 35 years old had a significantly higher incidence of birth defects (P <0.05), and the detection rate of birth defects in urban and rural areas, boys and girls No significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion: To carry out a wide range of health education and to carry out tertiary prevention work, it is necessary measures to reduce the incidence of birth defects by changing from prenatal-perinatal health care prevention model to prenatal-perinatal health care prevention model and identifying key health care people.