公司治理结构是指所有权与经营权分离的情况下，所有者对经营者如何监督和激励的一整套制度安排，其核心是股东大会、董事会、监事会、经理之间的关系。公司治理结构的优劣直接决定着公司的竞争力，进而影响一个国家的经济竞争力。本文以英美、德日的公司治理结构为背景，阐述我国上市公司治理结构的新构建。 The corporate governance structure refers to a set of institutional arrangements on how to supervise and motivate the operators under the condition that the ownership and the management rights are separated. The core of the corporate governance structure is the relationship between the shareholders’ general meeting, the board of directors, the board of supervisors and the managers. The merits of the corporate governance structure directly determine the competitiveness of the company, thus affecting the economic competitiveness of a country. Based on the corporate governance structure of Anglo-American, Germany and Japan, this essay expounds the new construction of the governance structure of listed companies in our country.