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为了解决混凝土泵摆动系统中恒压变量泵的瞬时吸空问题,对摆动系统的工况特点及吸空机理进行分析,发现在变量泵排量增大的初始阶段,由变量泵输出流量的快速变化引起吸油腔中油液压力的波动,是导致恒压变量泵发生瞬时吸空的主要原因。通过对恒压变量泵进行数学建模并采用AMESim进行仿真研究,提出了一种在变量缸敏感腔进油口处设置比例节流阀以控制流量变化率的方法,由变量缸的位移信号控制节流阀的开度,对变量缸的流量及运动速度进行调节,从而实现对变量泵流量的控制。对恒压变量泵原始状态条件、设置单向阻尼孔及设置比例节流阀时的工作过程作AMESim仿真及试验研究。研究结果表明:设置1.35mm单向阻尼孔和设置比例节流阀2种改进方案都能基本消除吸空现象,其中设置比例节流阀时恒压变量泵吸油腔压力基本保持略大于空气分离压,且斜盘倾角升程时间为35ms,虽然相对于原始条件下的响应时间(31ms)延长了13%,但其相对于设置1.35mm单向阻尼孔时的响应时间(40ms)则有较大降低;设置比例节流阀在保证恒压变量泵流量效率的同时基本消除了瞬时吸空现象,对提高混凝土输送泵的使用可靠性及工作效率具有重要意义。
In order to solve the instantaneous suction problem of constant pressure variable displacement pump in the swing system of concrete pump and analyze the operating characteristics and suction mechanism of the swing system, it is found that in the initial stage of variable displacement pump displacement, Variations caused by fluctuations in oil pressure in the oil chamber, is the main cause of instantaneous vacuum pump variable suction. Through the mathematical modeling of the constant pressure variable pump and the simulation research with AMESim, a method of setting the proportional throttle at the inlet of the sensitive cylinder of the variable cylinder to control the rate of change of the flow is proposed. The displacement signal of the variable cylinder is controlled Throttle opening, the variable cylinder flow and speed regulation, in order to achieve the variable pump flow control. The AMESim simulation and experimental research on the working process of the constant pressure variable displacement pump in its original condition, the setting of one-way orifice and the setting of the proportional throttle valve were carried out. The results show that two kinds of improvement schemes such as 1.35mm unidirectional orifice and proportional throttle valve can basically eliminate the phenomenon of air suction. The pressure in the suction chamber of the constant pressure variable displacement pump keeps slightly higher than that of the air separation pressure , And the swashplate tilt lift time is 35ms. Although the response time (31ms) is 13% longer than the original condition, it has a larger response time (40ms) than that when the 1.35mm unidirectional orifice is set. Reduce the instantaneous suction phenomenon while maintaining the flow efficiency of the constant pressure variable displacement pump. It is of great significance to improve the reliability and work efficiency of the concrete pump.