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目的调查分析既往及正在执行的结核病控制项目在改善中国监狱犯人对结核病服务获得和利用方面所采取的相关政策文件、干预措施等,并评价其效果和影响,为进一步开展监狱结核病防治工作提供依据和建议。方法计算机检索MEDLINE、PubMed、CNKI、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisc)、万方学位论文全文数据库、VIP,查找1988～2008年已发表的关于中国监狱犯人结核病防治工作的文献。同时采用非概率目的性抽样方法,在获得访谈对象知情同意后进行了定性访谈。结果共检索到23篇文献,其中符合纳入标准的已发表文献8篇,政策文件5篇。二次文献研究结果显示,我国目前对监狱犯人结核病防治采取的措施是:通过普查、逢监必检及因症就诊发现病人;根据羁押人员的不同人群类别,采取“分类指导管理,集中收治管理”的干预措施;在监狱开展健康教育等。采取不同干预措施后病人知识知晓率、结核病发现率、治疗完成率、结核病治愈率等均有很大提高。定性访谈结果显示,监狱结核病犯人及疑似病例均能够被集中隔离,并按现代结核病控制策略(DOT)进行管理;狱医能得到结核病治疗方面的培训,做到持证上岗。结论从已发表、二次文献及定性访谈结果来看,DOTS在该人群中实施得较好,效果显著。
Objective To investigate and analyze the relevant policy documents and intervention measures taken by past and ongoing TB control programs in improving the access and utilization of tuberculosis services by prisoners in China and evaluate their effects and impacts so as to provide evidence for further prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in prisons And advice. Methods The literature of MEDLINE, PubMed, CNKI, CBMdisc, Wanfang Dissertation Full-Text Database, VIP was searched by computer. The published articles about prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in prisoners in China from 1988 to 2008 were searched. At the same time, non-probabilistic target sampling method was used to conduct qualitative interview after obtaining the informed consent of the interviewees. Results A total of 23 articles were retrieved, of which 8 published papers and 5 policy papers met the inclusion criteria. The results of the second literature study show that the current measures taken by our country to prevent and control tuberculosis in prison prisoners are as follows: Through the census, every patient must be examined and found out due to disease treatment; according to the different categories of people in custody, “” classified guidance management and centralized treatment Management "interventions; health education in prisons. After taking different interventions, the awareness rate of patient knowledge, the detection rate of TB, the completion rate of treatment and the cure rate of TB have been greatly improved. The results of the qualitative interview showed that both prison TB suspects and suspected cases could be centrally segregated and managed under the modern TB control strategy (DOT). Prisoners received training on TB treatment to be certified. Conclusion From the published, secondary literature and qualitative interview results, DOTS is implemented in this population is better, the effect is significant.