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目的分析漳州市2012—2015年流感的流行特点及规律。方法对流感监测信息系统中漳州市医院、市中医院常规监测点的监测结果进行分析。结果 2012—2015年哨点医院共报告流感样病例(ILI)12.61万例,ILI%为3.7%;ILI占门急诊就诊病例的比例随年龄增加呈下降趋势;ILI病例数0~岁组最多(54.2%),≥60岁最少(6.1%);发病高峰季节在冬季和夏季;ILI标本核酸阳性率15.0%(1 072/7 127)。接种ILI的标本分离病毒阳性率39.6%(512/1 294);2011—2012年ILI%较高(5.6%);不同亚型中,B-Y与甲型H1N1阳性率较高;病毒型别变化频繁,各型病毒交替流行。结论漳州市2012—2015年流感流行态势相对平稳,建议在流感流行季节前,<15岁及≥60岁人群应接种流感疫苗。漳州市H7N9流感有明显增加趋势,应加大职业暴露人群、禽类以及外环境的监测力度,提高人禽流感的预警能力。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and laws of influenza in Zhangzhou from 2012 to 2015. Methods The monitoring results of routine monitoring points of Zhangzhou Hospital and Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Influenza Surveillance Information System were analyzed. Results A total of 126,100 influenza-like illness cases (ILI) were reported in sentinel hospitals between 2012 and 2015, with an ILI% of 3.7%. The proportion of ILI cases accounted for outpatient and emergency department showed a decreasing trend with age. The number of ILI cases was the highest among 0 to age group 54.2%), the least was 60 years old (6.1%); the peak season was in winter and summer; the positive rate of ILI specimens was 15.0% (1072/7127). The positive rate of virus isolated from inoculated ILI specimens was 39.6% (512/1 294); ILI% was higher (5.6%) from 2011 to 2012; the positive rates of BY and H1N1 in different subtypes were higher; the virus types changed frequently , Various types of viruses alternating epidemic. Conclusion The prevalence of influenza in Zhangzhou City was relatively stable from 2012 to 2015. It is suggested that influenza vaccines should be administered to people <15 years old and ≥60 years old before the influenza epidemic season. Zhangzhou City, H7N9 flu trend has increased significantly, should increase the occupational exposure of people, poultry and the external environment monitoring efforts to improve bird flu early warning capabilities.