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为研究高强度钢壳体战斗部破碎过程及质量和速度分布特征的数值仿真方法,以“飞鱼”导弹战斗部为例,壳体采用光滑粒子动力学(Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics,SPH)方法进行战斗部爆炸驱动壳体膨胀及破碎过程的数值仿真,炸药采用Lagrange单元,壳体和端盖采用SPH单元,进行Lagrange与SPH算法耦合实现炸药爆炸驱动壳体破碎。通过选取不同尺寸的SPH粒子分别进行计算,获得破片数随SPH粒子尺寸变化的规律以及战斗部爆炸形成破片的质量与速度分布特征,并对比传统Mott公式和Gurney公式的工程计算结果,得到SPH粒子尺寸为0.25 cm时所建立的仿真模型与工程计算较为吻合。采用经过工程计算验证过的模型进行仿真计算,获得爆炸载荷作用下战斗部壳体各段与端盖的质量和速度分布规律、每个破片的质量与速度分布以及各段形成破片的飞散方向与飞散角。
In order to study the crushing process and the mass and velocity distribution characteristics of high-strength steel shell warhead, numerical simulation method of the “Flying Fish” missile warhead was adopted. The shell was treated by Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) The explosion of the warhead explodes the numerical simulation of the expansion and the crushing process of the shell. The explosives adopt the Lagrange unit, the shell and the end cap adopt the SPH unit, and the Lagrange and the SPH algorithm are coupled to realize the crushing of the explosive shell. By selecting the SPH particles of different sizes, the SPH particles were calculated to get the rule that the fragment number changes with the particle size of the SPH and the mass and velocity distribution characteristics of the explosive formed by the warhead. Compared with the traditional Mott formula and the Gurney formula, SPH particles The simulation model established at a size of 0.25 cm is in good agreement with engineering calculations. The model which has been verified by engineering calculation is used to carry out the simulation calculation to obtain the mass and velocity distribution rules of each section and end cap of the shell of the warhead under the action of explosion load and the mass and velocity distribution of each fragment and the flying direction and Flying angle.