一、合作学习的兴起以及特征“合作学习”是20世纪70年代初兴起于美国,并在70年代中期至80年代中期取得实质性进展的一种富有创意和实效的教学理论与策略。由于它在改善课堂内的社会心理气氛,大面积提高学生的学业成绩,促进学生形成良好非认知品质等方面实效显著,很快引起了世界各国的关注,并成为当代主流教学理论和策略之一,被人们誉为“近十年来最需要和最成功的教学改革”。 I. The Rise and Characteristics of Cooperative Learning “Cooperative Learning ” is an innovative and effective teaching theory and strategy that emerged in the United States in the early 1970s and made substantial progress in the mid-1970s and mid-1980s. Because of its effectiveness in improving social psychology in the classroom, improving students ’academic performance on a large scale and promoting students’ ability to form good non-cognitive qualities, it soon attracted the attention of all countries in the world and became the mainstream teaching theory and strategy First, by people as “the most needed and most successful teaching reform in the past decade.”