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从13世纪初开始,成吉思汗及其子孙多次用兵中亚、波斯及南斡罗斯地区,曾建立了地域辽阔的蒙古帝国。蒙古军的征服战争给亚洲各族人民带来了深重灾难,尤其使亚洲文明,伊斯兰文化遭受了历史上前所未有的浩劫。但这种野蛮的征服是暂时性的,后来留守在中西亚地区的蒙古人几乎绝大部分皈依了伊斯兰教。蒙古人在战争中取得胜利,但在宗教和文化方面穆斯林却胜利了。这个曾带给伊斯兰文明以毁灭性打击的民族,后来为复活同一文明付出了相应的代价。特别是西部蒙古钦察、伊利、察合台三大汗国后王皈依伊斯兰教,标志着伊斯兰教在这一地区重新取得统治地位。本文就中亚,波斯诸地蒙古族伊斯兰化的几个问题做一初步探讨。
Since the beginning of the 13th century, Genghis Khan and his descendants have used the Central Asia, Persia and South Africa Rose areas many times to establish the vast territory of the Mongol Empire. The Mongol military’s conquest of war brought great disaster to the people of all ethnic groups in Asia. In particular, it has endured the Asian civilization and Islamic culture unprecedentedly in its history. However, this brutal conquest was temporary and almost all of the Mongols who remained in Central and West Asia later converted to Islam. The Mongols won in the war, but Muslims succeeded in religion and culture. This ethnic group, which had brought a devastating blow to Islamic civilization, later paid a corresponding price for the revival of the same civilization. In particular, the conversion of the kings to Islam after the three Khanate empires in the western Kumquak, Yili and Chagai stations in western Mongolia marked the return of Islam to regain control over the region. This article makes a preliminary study on several issues of Islamization in Mongolian in Central Asia and Persia.