从1984年党的十二届四中全会提出企业改革是城市改革的中心环节算起，十几年来，中央和各级政府为搞好国有企业的改革，采取了许许多多的办法，然而效果不尽人意。近两年问题暴露更加充分，尽管国有企业效益下降确有利润转移的因素，但从整体上讲，盈利水平低、资金紧张、机制 Since the Fourth Plenary Session of the Twelfth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1984, the enterprise reform has been the central link of urban reforms. For more than ten years, the central government and governments at all levels have taken many measures to improve the reform of state-owned enterprises. However, the effect has been numerous. Not satisfactory. The problem has been more fully exposed in the past two years. Despite the fact that the decline in the efficiency of state-owned enterprises does indeed have a profit transfer factor, overall, the profitability is low, funding is tight, and mechanisms are in place.