Objective:To explore the change of intestinal microecology in patients with primary Sjogren\'s syndrome (pSS) and correlation with disease activity,and also discuss the therapy effect of Yangyin Yiqi Huoxue Recipe (养阴益气活血方,YYHD).Methods:Sixteen pSS patients were enrolled in the present study,who received 3-month treatment of YYHR,200 mL orally twice daily.Their pre-and post-test ESSDAI scores,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were measured respectively.The 16SrDNA metagenomic sequencing was used to detect and analyze the abundance and diversity of intestinal bacteria flora and the proportion of bacteria at the levels of phylum,family,and genus,in comparision with those of 6 healthy subjects in the control group.Results:The abundance and diversity of intestinal bacteria flora in pSS patients were lower than those of healthy subjects (P＜0.05).After the treatment with YYHD,patients\' ESSDAI score and levels of IgG and ESR have decreased significantly (P＜0.05).At the phylum level,the proportions of Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria have reduced sharply,while the proportions of Bacteroidetes,Teneriquetes and Candidate-division-TM7 have increased significantly by treatment (all P＜0.05).At the classification level,such treatment has caused a significant decrease in the proportions of Bacteroidaceae,Ruminococcaceae,Vei//onellaceae,and Enterobacteriacea (all P＜0.05),but a significant increase in the proportion of Lachnospiraceae (P＜0.05).At the genus level,the treatment has significantly decreased the proportions of Bifidobacterium,Bacteroides,Escherichia-Shigella,Faecalibacterium and Prevotella (all P＜0.05),but significantly increased the proportion of Clostridia (P＜0.05),close to the levels of healthy subjects (P＞0.05).Conclusions:There exists an imbalance of intestinal microecology in pSS patients,which can be improved through the treatment with YYHD.Besides,such treatment can also improve the disease activity and adjust the diversity of intestinal bacteria flora,the composition and the abundance of intestinal flora.