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美国黑人剧作家奥古斯特·威尔逊以其“20世纪黑人体验史”系列剧而著名。他对黑人历史的关注源于自身的创伤经历。从文化创伤角度来探讨,威尔逊作品中的一个持续主题是,作为背负历史创伤的族裔,黑人怎样能既不忘记奴隶制、种族歧视的痛苦历史,又要走出它产生的创伤阴影。通过分析其三部代表性作品可以看出,他的态度是:只有正确认识理解过去、将个人记忆和集体记忆相连,个体和个体发生关联、共同承担创伤,黑人才能汲取力量、继续前行。其作品体现出威尔逊通过对文化创伤的塑造建构族裔认同的不懈努力。
African-American playwright August Wilson is known for his series The History of Black Experience in the Twentieth Century. His concern for black history stems from his own traumatic experience. From a cultural trauma perspective, one of the ongoing themes in Wilson’s work is how blacks, as an ethnic tragedy of historical trauma, can not forget the painful history of slavery and racial discrimination and get out of the shadow of trauma it causes. Through the analysis of the three representative works, we can see his attitude is: Only when we correctly understand and understand the past, connect personal memories with collective memories, individuals and individuals associate with each other and share the trauma, blacks can draw strength and move on. His work embodies Wilson’s untiring efforts to build ethnic identity through shaping cultural trauma.