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1999年是国有大中型企业三年改革与脱困的第二年,也是关键的一年,能否取得实质性的进展,对实现三年目标具有决定性的意义。本文试图通过对我省国企改革二十年的经验教训的简要回顾和今后改革的设想,帮助大家正视困难,振奋精神,打好国企改革与脱贫的攻坚战。一、二十年国企改革的基本情况国企改革是国家经济体制改革的重中之重。二十年来,国企改革一直受到党和政府的高度重视。综合分析近二十年国有企业改革状况,大体经历了四个重要阶段:一是从1978年开始的起步阶段。改革的基本思路是改革高度集中的计划体制,通过放权让利,扩大企业经营自主权,增强企业活力。这期间,我们推行了利润留成,工业经济责任制和两步利改税等重大措施。
The year 1999 is the second year of the three-year reform of state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises, and it is also a crucial one. Whether or not substantial progress can be made will be of decisive significance for achieving the three-year goal. This article attempts to help the people to face the difficulties and boost their spirit by playing a brief review of the experiences and lessons of the reform of the state-owned enterprises in our province in the past 20 years and the assumptions of the reforms in the future, and to fight the tough battles between state-owned enterprise reform and poverty alleviation. The Basic Situation of State-Owned Enterprises Reforms in the First and Twenty Years The state-owned enterprise reform is the most important thing in the national economic system reform. In the past two decades, the reform of state-owned enterprises has been highly valued by the party and the government. Comprehensive analysis of state-owned enterprise reforms in the past two decades has gone through four important stages: First, the starting stage from 1978. The basic idea of the reform is to reform the highly centralized planning system, and to expand the autonomy of enterprises and enhance the vitality of enterprises through decentralization of power and profits. During this period, we implemented major measures such as profit retention, industrial economic responsibility system, and two-step tax reform.