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目的:估算马拉维学生结核年感染率。方法:在马拉维随机选择12个区的学校进行调查。以1-4年级6-11岁的儿童为调查对象。根据世界卫生组织/国际防痨与肺病联合会指南进行结核菌素皮肤试验。结果:在17123名符合条件的儿童中,80％接受皮试。在进行皮试的儿童中,79％复验了结果。根据不同的标准,无卡痕儿童的结核感染率界于9％-12％之间。皮试结果≥10mm的反应率女童低于男童,反应率随年龄增加而增加,有BCG卡痕儿童的结核感染率高于无BCG卡痕者。估计年感染率在0.6％-1.4％之间。结论:马拉维结核年感染率为1％。本研究将为评价马拉维人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染对结核病传播的影响提供有价值的基线资料。
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis in Malawi students. Methods: Schools in 12 districts in Malawi were randomly selected for investigation. Children aged 6-11 in grades 1-4 are included in the survey. Tuberculin skin test in accordance with the WHO / International Federation of Prevention and Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases guidelines. Results: Of the 17 123 eligible children, 80% received skin tests. Of the children who performed the skin test, 79% retested the results. According to different standards, children without tuberculosis have a tuberculosis infection rate of 9% -12%. Skin test results ≥ 10mm response rate in girls than boys, the response rate increases with age, children with BCG card marks TB infection was higher than those without BCG. The estimated annual infection rate is between 0.6% and 1.4%. Conclusion: The tuberculosis infection rate in Malawi is 1%. This study will provide valuable baseline information for assessing the impact of Malaria HIV infection on tuberculosis transmission.