With the increasing impact of software systems on everyone’s daily work and life,it is becoming increasingly important that software engineers produce software systems with high confidence.In the past decade,many efforts have been devoted in research on technologies to achieve higher confidence in soft- With the increasing impact of software systems on everyone’s daily work and life, it is increasingly increasingly important that software engineers produce software systems with high confidence. The past decade, many efforts have been devoted in research on technologies to achieve higher confidence in soft-