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[目的]探讨不同播期和密度处理对超短季棉品种个体发育动态的影响,明晰它们对棉花营养生长和生殖生长的效应,为黄河流域冀东棉区棉花种植的播期和密度管理提供理论和实践指导。[方法]以超短季抗虫棉546系为材料,探讨了不同播期(播期Ⅰ:5月20日,播期Ⅱ:6月2日,播期Ⅲ:6月14日)和密度(低密度:12万株/hm2,中密度:15万株/hm2,高密度:18万株/hm2)处理对其个体生长发育动态的影响。[结果]不同的播期和密度处理对超短季棉546系的个体生长发育具有明显的影响,其中播期的影响效力要高于密度的影响效力,而播期对于棉株个体果枝数量发育的影响效力又明显高于对主茎伸长生长和加粗生长的影响效力。[结论]在黄河流域的冀中棉区对超短季棉546系栽培过程中,可以通过播期和密度的调控,有效地促进其营养生长和生殖生长,夯实其产量基础。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the effects of different sowing date and density on the individual development of ultra-short season cotton varieties, clarify their effect on vegetative and reproductive growth of cotton and provide sowing date and density management for cotton planting in Jidong cotton area of the Yellow River Theoretical and practical guidance. [Method] With the resistant cotton 546 line as material, the effects of different sowing date (sowing time Ⅰ: May 20, sowing date Ⅱ: June 2, sowing date Ⅲ: June 14) and density (Low density: 120,000 plants / hm2, medium density: 150,000 plants / hm2, high density: 180,000 plants / hm2) on their individual growth and development. [Result] Different sowing date and density treatments had significant effects on the individual growth and development of 546 lines of ultra-short season cotton, in which the effect of sowing date was higher than the effect of density. The effect of the effect was significantly higher than the main stem elongation growth and bold growth effect. [Conclusion] In the 546 cotton cultivation of ultra-short season cotton in the cotton fields of Jizhong in the Yellow River valley, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth could be effectively promoted through the sowing and density control, and the yield base was compounded.