近四十年来,有机药物在概念、设计和结构发展方面有了很大进展。表面上,早期的纯启发式或经验的方法已被更合理的手段所替代,包括生物化学、生物物理学、酶学、动力学、统计分析、分配系数的测定以及从紫外到核磁共振,X-射线衍射等的光谱解析。这些光谱分 For nearly four decades, organic medicine has made great strides in conceptual, design and structural development. On the surface, the early purely heuristic or empirical methods have been replaced by more rational tools, including biochemistry, biophysics, enzymology, kinetics, statistical analysis, determination of partition coefficients, and UV- to-NMR, X- - Ray diffraction and other spectral analysis. These spectral points