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万里长江,险在荆江。其高堤防高洪水位(高出堤内地面大于13m)危险态势的形成,是由于一方面在地质构造控制下堤内地面沉降,另一方面大堤不断加高,荆江洲滩不断淤积抬高和洞庭湖出流顶托,造成同流量水位不断升高,结果是洪水位与堤内地面势差不断加大,形成恶性循环。三峡水库建成后,具有调蓄长江上游洪水的巨大空间和能力,但没有改变形成荆江高洪水位的地质作用及过程。在高堤防高洪水位形势下,加上大堤管涌、岸崩、地震等致灾地质因素的作用,荆江有向北溃决,自然分流的趋势,其中尤以沙市湾迎流顶冲的盐卡段更具有危险性。为避免发生区域性重大地质环境灾害,协调人、地、水关系,给水沙以出路和洪水资源化已迫切地摆在人们面前。
Miles Yangtze River, dangerous in Jingjiang. The dangerous situation of the high embankment high flood level (above the ground above the embankment of more than 13m) is due to the subsidence of the ground surface within the embankment under the control of geological structure on the one hand and the continuous increase of the embankment on the other, Outflow top support, resulting in the same water level rising, the result is the flood potential and dike ground potential increasing, forming a vicious circle. After the completion of the Three Gorges Reservoir, it has the huge space and capacity to regulate floods in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, but it does not change the geological processes and processes that form the high flood level of the Jingjiang River. In the high embankment high flood situation, coupled with the embankment piping, landslides, earthquakes and other geological disasters caused by the geological factors, there Jingjiang north burst, the trend of natural diversion, especially in Shashi Bay welcome flow Dingcuk salt card section More dangerous. In order to avoid the occurrence of regional major geological and environmental disasters, the coordinator, the earth and the water relations, the water supply and drainage for the outlet and flood have been urgently placed in front of people.