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以核糖体DNA内转录间隔区(Internal Transcribed Spacer,rDNA ITS区)作为DNA条形码对辣椒进行系统进化分析。利用收集的17份辣椒资源,提取总DNA,进行PCR扩增和测序,并从GenBank下载辣椒属的主要栽培种浆果状椒(Capsicum baccatum)、茸毛椒(C.pubescens)、灌木状辣椒(C.frutescens)和野生种(C.eximium)、野生种(C.lycianthoides)的ITS序列,进行系统进化与亲缘关系分析。结果表明,以野生种(C.eximium)的ITS序列为参考序列,利用Clustalx 2.1软件进行比对,发现3个中华辣椒、茸毛椒和灌木状辣椒在ITS1区有15个碱基缺失。以茄科番茄属(lycopersicon)栽培种‘上海906’作为外类群,在进化树标尺约0.11处,22个辣椒属ITS序列可分为6个分支。全部一年生辣椒(14个)聚在一支。中华辣椒(3个)和灌木状辣椒聚在一支,表明中华辣椒与灌木状辣椒亲缘关系相对较近。野生种(C.eximium)、浆果状椒、茸毛椒和野生种(C.lycianthoides)分别单独为一支。
Phylogenetic analysis of pepper was carried out using DNA Transcribed Spacer (Internal Transcribed Spacer, rDNA ITS region) as a DNA barcode. Seventeen pepper resources were collected and the total DNA was extracted for PCR amplification and sequencing. The main cultivars of Capsicum baccatum, C.pubescens, shrub (C .frutescens) and C.eximium and C.lycianthoides (ITS) sequences of phylogenetic tree and phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that ITS sequences of C.eximium were used as a reference sequence, and Clustalx 2.1 software was used for comparison. Three Chinese capsicum, velvet peppers and shrubs were found to have a 15 base deletion in ITS1 region. Using the somatic Lycopersicon cultivar ’Shanghai 906’ as an outgroup, ITS sequences of 22 Capsicum genera could be divided into 6 branches at a scale of 0.11. All annual peppers (14) gather in one. Chinese chili (3) and shrubs gathered in one, indicating that Chinese chili and shrub-like pepper relatively close genetic relationship. C.eximium, berry, velvet and C.lycianthoides are each isolated separately.