分密度对森林水文效应有一定影响,以冀北山地不同密度油松人工林的植被层、枯落物层和土壤层为研究对象,对其水文效应进行了研究。结果表明:林冠截留能力随着林分密度的减小而减小,林下植被截留能力随着林分密度的减小而增大;林下枯落物最大持水量随着林分密度的减小而减小,其中林分密度分别为1 584株/hm~2、864株/hm~2和684株/hm~2标准地枯落物最大持水量差距相对较小,分别是林分密度388株/hm~2标准地的1.56倍、1.50倍和1.42倍;388株/hm~2油松林枯落物有效拦蓄量较小,但其枯落物初期持水速率较大。土壤持水能力随着林分密度的减小表现出逐渐增大趋势,林分密度864株/hm~2、684株/hm~2和388株/hm~2标准地土壤持水能力分别为林分密度1 584株/hm~2标准地的1.05倍、1.16倍、1.17倍,密度684株/hm~2和388株/hm~2标准地的土壤持水能力较为接近。对油松人工林进行合理抚育间伐,保留合适密度,能改善其涵养水源功能。 Dense density has an impact on the hydrological effects of the forest. The vegetation layer, litter layer and soil layer of Pinus tabulaeformis plantations with different densities in the mountainous area of ​​northern Hebei Province were studied, and their hydrological effects were studied. The results showed that the interception ability of canopy decreased with the decrease of stand density, and the interception ability of understory vegetation increased with the decrease of stand density. The maximum water holding capacity of stand litter decreased with the decrease of stand density The difference of maximum water holding capacity of stand litter with stand density of 1 584 plants / hm 2, 2864 plants / hm 2 and 684 plants / hm 2 respectively was relatively small, which were stand density 388 plants / hm ~ 2 standard 1.56 times, 1.50 times and 1.42 times; 388 plants / hm ~ 2 Pinus tabulaeformis forest litter effective storage capacity is small, but its early litter water holding rate. Soil water holding capacity showed a trend of increasing with the decreasing of stand density. The soil water holding capacity of stand density of 864 plants / hm ~ 2,684 plants / hm ~ 2 and 388 plants / hm ~ 2 were The soil water holding capacity of 1.084 times, 1.16 times and 1.17 times the stand density of 6884 plants / hm ~ 2 and 388 plants / hm ~ 2 with the stand density of 1 584 plants / hm ~ 2 were close to each other. The Pinus tabulaeformis plantation reasonable tending thinning, retaining the appropriate density, can improve its conservation of water features.