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本文运用X射线衍射、红外光谱、差热、透射电镜和扫描电镜等方法对贵州碳酸盐岩红土中的粘土矿物进行了系统研究。高岭石和0．7um埃洛石是碳酸盐岩红土中的主要粘土矿物，其次为伊利石、蛭石、绿泥石、绿泥石／蛭石混层矿物、水铝英石和三水铝石等。粘土矿物组合随成立环境和风化强度在剖面中呈明显的规律性变化。绿泥石／蛭石混层矿物的发现和研究，对岩溶环境中土壤资源评价、利用和酸沉降敏感性特征等研究具有重要意义。根据红土微结构特征，讨论了粘土矿物的形成机理和演化序列。
In this paper, the clay minerals in the carbonate red clay of Guizhou were systematically studied by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Kaolinite and 0.7um halloysite are the main clay minerals in carbonate laterites, followed by illite, vermiculite, chlorite, mixed chlorite / vermiculite, allophane and trihydrate Stone and so on. Clay mineral assemblages showed obvious regular changes with the setting environment and weathering intensity in the profile. The discovery and study of mixed chlorite / vermiculite minerals are of great significance to the study of the evaluation and utilization of soil resources and the sensitivity to acid deposition in karst environments. According to the microstructure characteristics of laterite, the formation mechanism and evolution sequence of clay minerals are discussed.