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汽车是现代人类生活的主要交通工具之一,目前,全世界的汽车数量估计约4亿辆左右而且还在逐年增加。随着汽车数量的增多,诸如行驶的安全性、动力、生态这类问题也变得复杂起来。这些问题中,有许多问题的解决是与在汽车中广泛使用电子设备密切相关。据统计,在汽车中用到电子设备的地方已超过50多处。由于汽车数量的不断增加,电子设备在汽车中的使用量已成为电子工业的第二大用户,仅次于宇航工业对电子设备的使用量。如同所有电子设备一样,汽车电子设备的发展也经历了三个阶段,即采用电子管、半导体器件和集成电路。在第一阶段,汽车内只安装广播收音机;在第二阶段则采用体积小、功耗小以及廉价的个别电子装置,例如在60年代初在汽车内首次采用用来对交流发
Cars are one of the main means of transport in modern human life. At present, the number of cars around the world is estimated at about 400 million and is still increasing year by year. As the number of cars increases, issues such as driving safety, power and ecology become complicated. Many of these problems are solved in close connection with the widespread use of electronic devices in cars. According to statistics, there are more than 50 places where electronic equipment is used in automobiles. Due to the ever-increasing number of cars, the use of electronic devices in automobiles has become the second largest user of the electronics industry, second only to the aerospace industry’s use of electronic devices. Like all electronic devices, the development of automotive electronics has gone through three stages, namely the use of tubes, semiconductors and integrated circuits. In the first stage, only the radio was installed in the car; in the second stage, the small size, low power consumption and low cost of individual electronic devices were used. For example, in the early 1960s,