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膝关节后内侧角包括静力稳定性结构和动力稳定性结构。静力性稳定结构包括内侧副韧带、后斜韧带、后内侧关节囊;动力稳定性结构包括鹅足三肌(缝匠肌、股薄肌和半腱肌)、腓肠肌内侧头和半膜肌。膝关节后内侧结构是控制膝关节外翻及胫骨外旋的重要结构,一旦遭到强大暴力作用后,内侧副韧带、后斜韧带、关节囊等破裂,将影响膝后内侧角的稳定性。因此,手术时机和手术入路的选择在修复膝关节损伤中非常重要。
Posterior medial angle of the knee includes both static and dynamic stability structures. Statically stable structures include the medial collateral ligament, the posterior oblique ligament, and the medial articular capsule. The dynamic stability structures include the goose-foot muscles (sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus), medial gastrocnemius and semimembranosus. The medial posterior structure of the knee is an important structure to control the valgus of the knee and the external rotation of the tibia. Once violently inflicted, the medial collateral ligament, the posterior oblique ligament, and the joint capsule rupture will affect the stability of the posterior medial angle. Therefore, the timing of surgery and the choice of surgical approach is very important in repairing knee injuries.