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南京地区大豆食叶性害虫主要是大造桥虫、斜纹夜蛾、豆卷叶螟和银纹夜蛾。大豆对田间食叶性害虫综合虫种的抗性具有相对稳定性。利用两个感抗杂交组合D0 1和D0 3的P1、P2 、F1、F2 、F2∶3 世代 ,在田间自然虫源条件下系统地分析了大豆抗食叶性害虫综合虫种植株反应的遗传规律 ,不论多世代联合分析或单个分离世代分析 ,结果均表明 ,大豆对食叶性害虫的抗性为两对主基因 +多基因遗传模式。但在大豆生长发育的不同时期 ,随着害虫数量和种群结构的变化 ,其抗虫性遗传呈动态变化过程。在两对主基因充分表达日期 ,效应较大的 1对加性效应为 10 .5 1～ 10 .74(叶面积损失率 ,%) ,效应较小的 1对加性效应为 4.35～ 7.2 4(%) ,并且两对主基因的遗传率较高 ,达 81.0 5 %～ 94.10 %,起决定性作用 ;多基因遗传率较低 ,为 0～ 12 .2 4%。抗食叶性害虫育种应首先考虑利用主基因抗性。
Nanjing area soybean leaf-eating pests are mainly Damascus, Spodoptera, bean beetle and Sciurus. Soybean on the field of leaf pests integrated insect resistance has a relatively stable. The inheritance of soybean plant resistance to insecticidal pests was systematically analyzed using P1, P2, F1, F2 and F2: 3 generations of two susceptible crosses D0 1 and D0 3 under natural insect conditions in the field The results showed that the resistance of soybean to leafy pests was two pairs of major genes + polygenic inheritance model, no matter the multiple generations of joint analysis or single segregation analysis. However, at different stages of soybean growth and development, with the changes of pest numbers and population structure, the insect resistance inheritance showed a dynamic process. In the two pairs of major genes of the full expression date, the effect of the larger one pair of additive effects of 10.51 ~ 10.74 (leaf area loss rate,%), the effect of a small additive effect of 1.35 to 7.24 (%), And the heritability of two major genes was 81.0 5% ~ 94.10%, which played a decisive role. The heritability of polygene was 0 ~ 12.24%. Anti-leaf pest breeding should first consider the use of the main gene resistance.