最终贷款人是金融安全体系的重要组成部分。信息不对称和系统性风险客观需要最终贷款人。任何机构或部门在扮演最终贷款人时 ,都必须协调支持对象、救助方式、资金来源、注资成本等要素并作出选择。减少道德风险的办法包括提高救助贷款利率、建设性模糊、允许机构参与救助等方式。经济转轨过程中 ,我国需设计包括金融机构、财政、央行等部门在内的救助体系 The ultimate lender is an important part of the financial security system. Asymmetric information and systemic risk objectively require the ultimate lender. When any institution or department acts as the ultimate lender, it must coordinate and make choices about the supportive parties, the mode of aid, the source of funding and the cost of capital injection. Ways to reduce moral hazard include raising interest rates on aid loans, constructive ambiguity, and allowing agencies to participate in bailouts. In the process of economic transition, China needs to design a bailout system that includes financial institutions, finance, central banks and other departments